PERFORMANCE ANAYSIS OF LTE SIMULATION

Simulation is a process of analyzing the performance of the network to detect data transmission in simulation environments etc. When implementing LTE simulation process to a network, the networking program would simulate some regulations to avoid random anomalies and it controls the system by regulating the entries of such inputs by governing the user behavior.

“This article focuses on the LTE Simulation networks and our suggestion on the best simulation tools for LTE networking and further, we provide you the appropriate and trending research aspects over the LTE networks!!”

Functions of LTE Networks

• Simulated user equipment web browsing
• Mobile web browsing
• Enabling the calls of 4G user through CSFB to 2G/3G user
• IMS VoLTE calls
• Enabling usual voice calls in mobiles

The above functions are the fundamental functions that can be achieved through the LTE simulation, and implementing simulation in LTE network for research purposes in mobile networks will also have those features as research limitations. In addition to those fundamental functions, we provide you the categories of traffic in LTE networks

LTE Traffic Types

• Multiple PDP contexts
• Internet connectivity
• Supplementary IN services
• FTP, Email, MMS, SMS
• Video, Voice, Fax

Generally, the traffic in networking occurs while we are attempting to transfer packets from the source to the destination. In this process, the router creates a common link to transmit the packet and the link will be used widely at both the sender and the receiver side. If the transmitting network is not simulated properly, the packets we are sending would face a collision and it results in delayed transmission and the process start to buffer to clear the traffic and queue the packet. The above-mentioned traffic types are the most common traffic types in LTE networks.

Motivation of LTE simulation

Through simulation, you can learn to assess the network performance and the simulation process is important to estimate the complexities in closed formulas and in unavailable numerical techniques. And simulation studies will help you to structure alternative evaluating designs. And the simulation process can be implemented only in research and it will enhance your knowledge in handling the issues in a real system, which is expensive, complex, and almost unavailable.

How to program simulation in a structure?

There are three fundamental elements to be included in a simulator for an effective simulation based on the

• Given time
• Given events
• Given state

Whatever the simulation types and the field of the network we are implementing the simulation process; the computing feature will be based on the above terms/parameters.

• The event simulation: computes the point of time taken by the network to transmit a packet particularly, when the system changes state in each event that has associated the event time and it analyses the system model in the given time among the events created by external environments.
• The system state simulation: analyze the variables upheld by the performed simulation program on the basis of the network state. For instance, it can be able to track the number of queuing packets and current retransmission timing values.
• The simulated time: this is a type of internal simulation process that tracking the simulated time taken for the transmission in a network.

The above elements are the required programs of a simulator. To construct a simulator, the required components are a well-defined set of events to perform simulation for each event action and to update the event list. It is because the simulation program upholds and updates the future event lists. Before knowing and implanting the simulator for the research purpose, it is important to be familiarized with the components presented in the simulator. As we are approaching the simulator from a research point of view, we provide you the research objectives of the LTE network simulation stating below.

Research objectives of LTE simulation

The main aim of the LTE simulation is to assess and test the numerous features and conducting research studies of LTE networks like

• Analyzing LTE radio tasks (UE interface)
• Assessing End user functions
• Computing LTE transport functions (S1/X2 interface)

In order to achieve those objectives, a simulation model must be designed to model both the E-UTRAN and EPC. After the focused modeling with the significant performances and characteristics of the protocols and nodes, the models would have intensive performance until implementation research studies.

As per our suggestion, the fixed LTE networking simulation would be less complicated when compared to the mobile network, as it involves numerous functionalities and utilities. Along with the research objectives and the components of LTE networking, we provide you the basic functions of the LTE simulation

How to choose the best simulator for LTE network modeling?

• Concern entire LTE carrier configurations and frequency bands
• Concern carrier aggregation of both intra- and inter-band
• Sustaining the scenarios for multi-layer network deployment
• Sustaining FD- and TD-LTE wholly
• Providing sustenance for CoMP reception and transmission
• Sustain architecture of C-RAN
• Concerning nodes of relay and donor
• Sustaining existing technologies of
  • 3D beamforming
  • SU-MIMO, MU-MIMO, FD-MIMO
  • FD-MIMO
  • Massive MIMO

The above qualities are the benchmarks to select the best simulator for selecting the qualified simulator, especially for the research purpose. Along with our suggestion in choosing the best simulator, we provide you the limitations for the LTE simulation.

Interfaces for LTE simulation

• IMS Interfaces – Mw, Mi, Mj, Mg, ISC
• Location Services – SLs, SLg, SLh
• Diameter Interfaces – Gm, Sh, SGi, S6a, S6d, Cx/Dx, Gx, Rx, Gy/Ro, S13 and S13′
• LTE Interfaces – S5/S8, S10, S11, S16, SGs, S1, X2, eGTP, S3, S4
  • User-plane Gateway traffic
  • User-plane traffic (GTPv2-U)

Interfaces are commonly known as the limitations in a particular network. The above interfaces are general categories found in the LTE network. In addition to our findings on the interfaces, we provide you the ways of creating an effective LTE simulation. Just scroll/ swipe down for creating Simulation for LTE

How to create a LTE Simulation Network?

Step 1: Decoding, captures, segregates and measuring several performances through different LTE-IMS network interfaces.

Step 2: Providing status update by dynamically observing the traffic on T.38 fax over IPv4 and IPv6 (version 4 and version 6) networks, video, voice, tones, digits etc.

Step 3: Observing QoS on both video and voice calls

Step 4: Providing analytics details over the tracked files can be uploaded by the meek command line arguments

The above-mentioned steps are the required elements to create an effective simulation for the LTE networks. Along with our suggestions in creating effective simulation tools, we are providing you our finest simulation tool for the LTE network

List of simulation tools for LTE

MATLAB: this simulation tool provides the deployment, performance analysis and it also models a wireless LTE network. It is a link-level simulator of the LTE network that generates the simulator called C-RAN. It replicates some of the modeled dynamic activity of HetNet RAN, which concentrates on some RRM features like link adaptation, handovers, scheduling, and carrier aggregation. It involves the mobility models and propagation model implantations. MATLAB accepting toolboxes are,

• Wireless HDL Toolbox
• LTE Toolbox
• Communications Toolbox

With the help of those toolboxes, you can conduct a configuration test to test your prototypes, designs, implementations to know whether they support the LTE standard and you can reuse the test to analyze, simulate, and measure the end-to-end communication links in order to observe the LTE standard. The following lists are the uses of the LTE toolbox.

• Generating and analyzing uplink waveform
• Generating and analyzing downlink waveform
• Simulating end-to-end uplink
• Simulating end-to-end downlink
• Modeling LTE uplink
• Modeling LTE downlink

Functions of LTE modeling

The following are the functions of physical signals of downlink channels

• CRS resource element indices – lteCellRSIndices
• Cell-Specified reference signal – lteCellRS
• SSS resource element indices – lteSSSIndices
• Secondary Synchronization Signal – lteSSS
• PSS resource element indices – ltePSSIndices
• Primary Synchronization signal – ltePSS

The following are the fundamental functions of LTE modeling

• Duplexing information – lteDuplexingInfo
• Size of uplink subframe source array – lteULResourceGridSize
• Uplink subframe resource array – lteULResourceGrid
• Size of downlink subframe source array – lteDLResourceGridSize
• Downlink subframe resource array – lteDLResourceGrid
• Size of subframe resource array – lteResourceGridSize
• Subframe resource array – lteResourceGrid

Among the modeling devices, the NS3 has been considered as a discrete event simulator in order to improve and modify wireless communication applications such as 5G Communication, LTE, and OFDM. The following are the modules that are used in modifying the above devices.

• WiFi Module
• LTE Module

At the device layer of any networks, there are some specific queues on device such as

• UanNetDevice: at the MAC layer of the device, it generally contains 10 packet queues.
• LTENetDevice: the RLC layer is the queuing spot of this device and the RLC AM has unlimited buffering.
• SimpleNetDevice: the configuration utilizes to install a kind of DropTail queue with typical size of 100 packets.
• WiFiNetDevice: the configuration utility of this device installs 100 packets in the non QoS stations of typical sized DropTail queue and installs in QoS station, the same packet sized, four DropTail queues.
• CsmaNetDevice: the installing method can be altered in this device and the functions are same as the SimpleNetDevice.
• PointToPointNetDevice: the configuring functions are similar to the CsmaNetDevice

In the above net devices, there is an availability of configuration targets for each and every NetDevices as listed below. These configuration targets are mainly functions on the basis of the network simulators.

1. ns-3-allinone: it is exclusively available for the development cod, but its version is identical to the existing version of allinone module.
2. 2. ns-allinone-3.34: this module involves the discrete traits of Network Simulation Cradle, Openflow for ns-3, Click routing etc.
3. ns-3-dev: it is an identical module of ns-3.34, but it has development code tree utilization.
4. ns-3.34: this module installs the downloading elements same to the tarball discharging.

Along with the modules, networking devices of the LTE simulation, we are reaching the core part of this article. In addition to the simulation tools and processes, our research developers are suggesting the research topics in LTE simulation that are considered as trending research issues.

Innovative Research topics on LTE Simulation

• Network Function Virtualization
• Task offloading in network
• Resource management
• Discovering and allocating networks
• Scheduling network traffics
• Optimizing cross layer designs
• Network integration with SDN, 5G
• Managing Mobility and Scalability
• Structuring Network Topology

The exceeding lists are our innovative research topics on  LTE simulation. They are still identified as research gaps and in this trending LTE simulation; it is considered as untouched subdomains. Along with the research topics, we suggest you the performance analysis of LTE simulation.

Performance Analysis of LTE Simulation

• Collisions in PRACH RSI, PCI, PSS ID and SSS ID
• Analyzing the quality indicator of Downlink and Uplink
• Analyzing throughputs in Downlink and Uplink
• Service areas in Downlink and uplink
• Assessing Downlink and uplink interference
• Evaluating cell and network coverage
• Effective service areas

The above performances of LTE are identified in various simulation scenarios and the performance will be computed on the above basis. Along with the performance analysis of the LTE simulation, we are contented to provide you the performance metrics to implement the LTE simulators. Some of the metrics predict the performance of the LTE networks as follows,

• Bandwidth per port
• Latency
• Total packets transmitted and received
• Totally created TCP connections
• Packet loss
• Positive connections
• Delay

The resulting analytics over the LTE network would analyze the exceeding features. Along with our suggestion and knowledge, we provided you about the LTE simulation in the form of this article, we are happy to inform you that we would extend our support and guidance in the LTE networks and through the other sub-domains under LTE network or other networking fields. It is our remarkable benchmark that our services are unlimited. We begin our service for you right from choosing the research domain and obtaining your expected research outcomes!! And we don’t stop with the project service, and we also cover the assignment and homework writing. So use this opportunity to join us!

Milestones